Iraqi Refugees need U.S. help, advocates say

By Michael Ruhl, University of New Mexico – Talk Radio News Service

America must invest more time, money, and human resources to help those displaced by the ongoing Iraq War, according to human rights advocates from the Washington, D.C.-based Refugees International.

The presence of 2.6 million displaced Iraqis persons is overwhelming to neighboring Middle East countries and is “undermining” to the social fabric of Iraq, said Ken Bacon, President of Refugees International, at a speech made today at the National Press Club.

President Barack Obama talked about displacement with Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki during his surprise visit to Iraq on Tuesday.

Bacon is happy at what is being seen as a distinct change from the “little attention” that the Bush Administration paid to Iraqi displacement.

It is estimated that since the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, 2.6 million Iraqi’s have lost their homes and have fled other parts of the country. An additional 2 million have fled to neighboring countries, including Syria, Jordan and Egypt.

Bacon said that greater American and international support in receiving refugees and providing financial-aid can help stop the crisis.

Displacement of that many people “affects the whole region”, said Bacon, which results in educated citizens and specialized workers fleeing the country.

There are only 18,000 practicing doctors in Iraq, down from 32,000 doctors in 2002. There are more Iraqi doctors in Jordan than in Iraq’s capitol city of Baghdad, Bacon said.

Last year Democratic Senators Robert Casey (PA) and Benjamin Cardin (MD) introduced a bill to increase aid to Iraqi refugees and allow more of them to enter the United States. Since the FY2010 Budget has been approved by Congress, any appropriated funds to help Iraqi citizens would have to come through additional legislation, Bacon said.

A spokesman for Senator Cardin said it has not been decided yet if similar legislation would be introduced in this Congress.

Refugee International’s Field Report on the Iraqi refugee situation said that the Iraqi government is trying to keep more of its citizens from fleeing their homeland. It is feared by the Iraqi government that the existence of so many refugees tarnishes the image of overall security within the country.

The report also said Iraq violated international refugee laws in 2007 by asking Syria not to accept any more Iraqi refugees.

Many refugees have fears of returning home, the report says, because many of those that returned already have been killed.

Kristele Younes, an advocate with Refugees International, says that security is a major issue in Iraqi neighborhoods, with each little borough acting as its own walled off “fiefdom”.

Younes said that the United Nations is trying to place a tourniquet on the flow of persons out of the country by the end of the year, but significant challenges remain in Iraq, including budgetary shortcomings due to low oil prices, corruption within the government and sectarianism.

The Refugees International’s report on Iraq can be found here.

GOP throws House party

A second day of speeches in the House Chamber continued as GOP members told Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) to call for a vote on the American Energy Act, the GOP's "all of the above" energy strategy.  Representatives repeatedly said that given the current energy costs faced by Americans, now is not the time for Congress to take a five-week paid vacation.  Rep. Jeb Hensarling (R-Texas) said "I don't know how they think in the salons of San Francisco," a reference to Pelosi's district, adding that the people in the coffee shops of Dallas recognize America's energy crisis.

Hensarling, speaking to Capitol tourists seated in the House chamber, asked why Pelosi was unable to find time to debate energy in the past months.  He told those assembled that Congress found time to debate National Sanitation Week and other frivolous topics, ridiculing decisions made by Democratic leadership.  Hensarling said the people of America deserve a vote and gave Pelosi's Washington office phone number to those in attendance, telling people to call and voice their concern.

In a press statement, Pelosi called Republican actions a “hoax” that does not warrant serious debate. She said Republican proposals give public lands to oil companies and would only reduce prices at the pump by two cents in 10 years. In addition, her statement says that House Republicans have opposed requiring oil companies to drill on the 68 million acres of land they already control. She also notes the GOP has blocked efforts to increase fuel efficiency standards, improve mass transit, and release oil from government reserves.

Rep. Mark Kirk (R-Ill.) said presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama both support provisions in the American Energy Act, including offshore drilling. He said one person (Pelosi) should not work against the opinion of a majority of Americans.  Kirk referenced challenges previously faced in the House of Representatives including the Louisiana Purchase, the Civil War, and World War II, saying now is the time for Congress to take initiative and solve America's energy crisis.  He said Congress has come to a fork in the road concerning energy policy and, instead of debating which road to take, is refusing to debate a course of action at all.

American oil exported daily

Sen. Richard Durbin (D-Ill.) discussed energy prices and promoted an economy run by renewable energy sources at an event hosted by progressive think-tank NDN. Durbin said gas at $4 per gallon is killing the US economy and that gas prices are shipping $700 billion to foreign suppliers of oil. He said Republicans in Congress, in the last two months, have blocked 12 Democratic attempts to debate bills that would lower gas prices and create green jobs. He added that Republicans have used a record number of filibusters this session, frustrating Democrats and the American public.

Durbin said in the first four months of 2008, 1.6 million barrels of US oil were exported daily. He also stated that since the United States only has three percent of the world’s oil supply, OPEC could react to increased American supply by lowering their production in an effort to keep gas prices high. He added that 700 million barrels of oil in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve are ready for use and that 34 Senate Democrats sent a letter to President Bush asking him to release 10 percent of the reserve. Durbin suggested that a partial opening of the reserve would show the international community that the US is tired of inflated oil prices.

Durbin cited a report that says three million jobs can be created in the next decade if greater investments are made in green technology. He said following the Arab oil embargo in the early 1970s, oil imports from the Persian Gulf fell 87 percent and GDP grew 27 percent. He suggested that the United States can benefit once again by making energy security a priority. He added that increased energy security is a technology deal and that Republicans have opposed tax incentives that promote increased technology, energy conservation, and renewables.

"Christmas in July" for big oil companies

Exxon spends more money on its Chief Executive Officer than it does on energy research, according to Senate Democratic Conference Vice Chairman Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.). Schumer said that he was not surprised with the profits oil companies are making but rather, he was surprised about how oil companies are spending their profits. According to Schumer, oil companies are using the profits to buy back their own stock and increase their share prices.

House Democratic Caucus Chairman Rahm Emanuel (D-Ill.) said that the government must stop subsidizing big oil companies and demand that the companies divert more resources into increased domestic production. Emanuel said that American taxpayers are spending billions of dollars for handouts to big oil companies and are also being forced to pay record prices at the pump. According to Emanuel, big oil companies are spending $180 billion on stock buy-backs but only spending $10 billion on research and development.

House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming Chairman Ed Markey (D-Mass.) said that BP now stands for Bloated Profits. Markey also doled out statistics regarding big oil companies' profits. According to Markey, big oil companies made $40.6 billion profits in 2007 and spent $32 billion on stock buy-backs. Markey emphasized that big oil companies had only spent $10 million on renewable energy.

Energy independence a hard goal

The Energy Daily and Covanta Energy hosted a media breakfast with Senate Energy and Natural Resources Chairman Jeff Bingaman (D-N.M.) to discuss the congressional outlook on energy. At the forefront of discussions was the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Moratorium. The OCS Moratorium was put in place by Congress in 1981 to protect America's coasts from threats of oil and gas developments as well as to prevent leasing of coastal waters for fossil fuel development.

According to Bingaman, any ideas of changing the Moratorium would run into significant opposition and pointed out that President George Bush has not asked for a change either. When asked if the OCS Moratorium is shaping up to be an election issues, Bingaman said that the longer the topic was debated, the better it would be understood. Bingaman also noted that both presidential candidates Senator John McCain (R-Ariz.) and Senator Barack Obama (D-Ill.) have "kept the issue boiling" and not voted on it. Bingaman also said he was against the federal government ceding authority of the OCS to coastal states. He said that around $100 billion of the OCS revenue would go to coastal states and this in unfavorable in a time when the federal government needs its reserves. According to Bingaman, the OCS has always been a federal resource. Bingaman was quick to admit that leaders of coastal states would not agree with his stand.

Bingaman commended Texas oilman T. Boone Pickens for taking on the issue of energy and developing an alternative energy plan. According to Pickens' testimony before Congress last week, America needs to switch to local energy resources within the next 10 years to stop foreign oil dependence. Using Department of Energy estimates, Pickens said the U.S. should be capable of producing 22 percent of its electrical energy needs using wind-powered electricity. Bingaman said that he was in favor of using wind energy, as Pickens has been advocating. However, Bingaman admitted that, "100 percent energy independence is a hard goal."