EPA Unsure Of Longterm Effects Of Dispersants In Gulf

Robert Hune-Kalter - Talk Radio News Service

According to an EPA official, it may take time to determine the permanent environmental effects of the chemical dispersants used by BP to combat the massive oil spill off the Gulf Coast.

“The long-term effects on aquatic life are still significantly unknown and BP has used over 1.8 million gallons of dispersants, a volume never before used in the United States,” Dr. Paul Anastas, the Assistant Administrator for Research and Development at the EPA, said during a hearing Wednesday with the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee.

While the use of dispersants has been criticized by many environmentalists, Anastas explained that the dispersants are keeping oil off the beaches of the Gulf and away from sensitive ecosystems.

Anastas asserted that the oil spill has made it evident that additional research is needed.

“We want to have more science, more data, [and] more testing, upfront, so when we’re making decisions in an emergency situation, you have that data [and] you have that perspective at your fingertips,” he said.

EPA Says Dispersants Less Toxic Than Oil

by Miles Wolf Tamboli - Talk Radio News Service

The Environmental Protection Agency finished its second round of toxicity testing on eight chemical dispersants and released their findings in a conference call Monday. The second round of tests on the dispersants used to combat the BP-Deepwater Horizon oil spill focused on testing the chemicals for their toxicity as compared to or combined with Sweet Louisiana Crude Oil.

Dr. Paul Anastas, the EPA’s Assistant Administrator for Research and Development, told reporters that the findings show similar toxicity levels for oil-dispersant mixtures and oil alone, and that all dispersants tested less toxic than oil-dispersant mixtures. Anastas reiterated that the crude is, “enemy number one.”

The EPA supported the administration’s efforts to curtail the use of dispersants since the EPA’s May 26th directive to BP to cut down chemical application by 75%, and stated in a press release Monday; “Dispersants prevent some oil from impacting sensitive areas along the gulf coast. EPA’s position has been that BP should use as little dispersant as necessary.”

The first round of dispersant toxicity testing set out to determine the toxicity of eight chemical dispersants and their differences. The first report released in June that, “none of the eight dispersants tested, including the product in use in the Gulf, displayed biologically significant endocrine disrupting activity.” 

Although the EPA administrator assured that the testing was thorough and appropriate, some critics have brought up questions over the EPA’s sole use of juvenile fish and shrimp, which may leave room for confounding variables like reproductive issues. Some also questioned Anastas over the fact that the tests were done at “standard” temperatures and conditions, and not conditions that would mimic the recent use of the dispersants in underwater applications and extreme temperatures and pressures. 

Static Kill Moved Back To Late Monday, Early Tuesday; Allen Defends Dispersant Regulation

by Miles Wolf Tamboli - Talk Radio News Service

National Incident Commander Admiral Thad Allen briefed reporters Sunday afternoon in his daily update on the BP-Deepwater Horizon oil spill, providing details about the upcoming “static kill” effort and addressing fears over dispersants.

The discovery of some forty feet of debris in a relief well stifled hopes that the joint disaster response team could have been able to begin the “static kill” Sunday or early Monday. 

“The entire casing is clean … they will start cementing the casing in place, probably about four or five hours from now. Following that, we will be in a position to start with the static kill as early as [Monday] night or into Tuesday,” said the administration’s point man on the spill response.

Allen continued that the “bottom kill” will begin five to seven days “minimum” after this attempt. The former Coast Guard official sent a reminder that, “the static kill is not the end-all be-all.” Although the well has not leaked a significant amount of oil in some two weeks, Admiral Allen will not consider the leak plugged until the “bottom kill” has been completed.

The US Coast Guard has been attracting criticism recently over their regulation of BP’s use of chemical dispersants in the Gulf over the past three months.  Although the Coast Guard had promised to cut back dispersant use by 75% and heavily regulate their use to extreme circumstances, Rep. Ed Markey (D-Mass) released a letter Friday, claiming that the Coast Guard had granted BP permission to use high levels of dispersants 64 times in a 48-day period.

“These exemptions are in no way a ‘rare’ occurrence,” said Markey in a letter to Allen on July 30th. The Representative questioned, “whether the Coast Guard made sufficient efforts to verify the information BP provided in support of its requests, and whether it exercised appropriate oversight surrounding the use of these toxic chemicals.”

Allen responded to criticism with a statement that decisions to allow the use of chemical dispersants are made by the Federal On Scene Coordinator, and are “closely supervised.”

“Sometimes there is no other way to attack the oil - they had to use dispersants,” said Allen; “I’m satisfied that we only use them when they’re needed”

EPA Says Dispersants Are Not Affecting Gulf Coast Environment

Robert Hune-Kalter - Talk Radio News Service

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson told the Senate Appropriations Committee Thursday that the high amount of dispersants being used in the Gulf of Mexico has not produced any negative side effects, yet. 

Committee members grow wary of dumping high amounts of oil dispersants into the Gulf and showed particular concern about the short and long-term effects these dispersants will have on the environment.

“As of yesterday, BP had used 1.8 million gallons of oil dispersants in the Gulf,” said Senator Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.). “In Exxon Valdez we used 250 thousand barrels.  By comparison, Deepwater, the biggest oil spill in history, now uses 35-60 thousand barrels a day.”

Jackson assured the committee that the EPA has not seen any significant environmental impacts from the dispersants so far. Due to unknown scientific factors regarding these dispersants, the EPA has directed BP to greatly reduce the number of barrels of dispersants being dumped into the Gulf. The number of gallons being dumped has been reduced nearly 70% since May 26.

Dispersants have not been used within 30 miles of the coast and are prohibited from being used off shore because of the time it takes the dispersants to break up oil.

“Yesterday, the state of Louisiana reopened some state waters to fishing after tests showed no presence of oil or dispersants,” said Jackson.

Oil continues to spew from the well unabated after BP failed to cap it earlier this week.

Use Of Dispersants In Gulf Questioned By Presidential Commission

By Miles Wolf Tamboli - Talk Radio News Service

The President’s Commission on the BP-Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling raised questions on the use of chemical dispersants in managing the leak in a meeting in New Orleans, Tuesday.

Mathy Stanislaus, Assistant Administrator for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response for the Environmental Protection Agency, cautioned that, “despite dispersants being a tool … [dispersants] must be the tool of last resort.” Stanislaus continued that the federal government has repeatedly advised that chemical dispersants must only be used in the event that containment booms and burns are insufficient.

Stanislaus revealed that the EPA and the U.S. Coast Guard raised concern over BP’s “skyrocketing” use of surface dispersants as far back as May,  requiring that BP cut back on dispersant use by 75%.  According to Stanislaus, BP has reined in their application of the chemicals by 69%.

The official did not comment, however, on the safety of controlled burn methods, which have raised concerns by many in the general population due to possible air polluting effects, which may reintroduce toxic chemicals into the water column by natural climatic processes.